The Tooth of Wisdom: Everything You Need to Know

Wisdom teeth, also called third molars, are the last teeth to erupt, often between the ages of 17 and 25. Although they were useful to our ancestors for chewing hard foods, they frequently pose problems in the modern mouth. This article explores why they are frequently removed, signs of eruption, and treatment options.

1. What is a wisdom tooth?

Wisdom teeth are located in the back of the mouth, one on each side of the upper and lower jaws. These teeth usually appear after all the other adult teeth, and their development can be problematic because they often don't have enough room. They can grow in crooked, get stuck under the gum line (impacted teeth), or grow in at odd angles, creating oral health problems.

2. Why do wisdom teeth cause pain?

There are several factors that explain the pain associated with these teeth:

• Lack of space : The modern human jaw is often too small to accommodate these four extra teeth.
• Partial eruption : When a wisdom tooth partially erupts through the gum, it creates a space where bacteria can enter, causing infection or inflammation.
• Malposition : A wisdom tooth may grow in the wrong direction, putting pressure on adjacent teeth.

3. Symptoms of wisdom teeth eruption

Warning signs of wisdom teeth eruption include:

• Pain and tenderness behind the gums : This may worsen during chewing or brushing.
• Swelling : The area around the wisdom tooth may be swollen.
• Difficulty opening your mouth : Pain may make opening your mouth uncomfortable.
• Bad breath : An infection of the gum around the growing tooth can cause an unpleasant odor.

4. When should you see a dentist?

It is essential to consult a professional if:

• The pain persists or gets worse.
• There is significant swelling of the gums.
• Difficulty chewing or opening the mouth occurs.
• You feel pressure on the other teeth.

A dentist will be able to take an X-ray to determine the exact position of the wisdom teeth and advise on what action to take.

5. Treatment options for wisdom teeth

Extraction : In most cases, extraction is the most effective solution. This procedure, performed under local or general anesthesia, is simple, but may require recovery time with swelling and pain.

Monitoring : In some cases, wisdom teeth can remain in place without causing any problems. If the tooth is growing properly and does not pose any risk of decay or damage to other teeth, regular monitoring is sufficient.

6. Prepare your extraction: advice and steps

If an extraction is planned, here are some tips to make the procedure easier:

• Preparation before the procedure : It is often recommended to eat lightly, because local or general anesthesia can cause nausea.
• Plan for Rest : Extracting multiple teeth at once will likely require a 2-3 day rest period.
• Follow your dentist's instructions : This includes using ice to reduce swelling and avoiding hot foods.

7. Recovery after extraction

After an extraction, following the dentist's instructions is crucial to avoid complications:

• Pain management : Pain medications may be prescribed to relieve pain.
• Soft food : Favor soft and cold foods during the first few days.
• Oral hygiene : Avoid brushing directly on the area for a few days and use a mild mouthwash to prevent infections.

8. Possible complications

Complications are rare, but include:

• Infection : Antibiotic treatment may be necessary if an infection develops.
• Dry socket : This intense pain occurs if the blood clot formed in the dental cavity is dislodged, requiring rapid consultation.

Conclusion

Wisdom teeth are not always problematic, but their emergence can sometimes be uncomfortable and require extraction. By being aware of the symptoms and consulting a dentist, you can best manage the eruption of these teeth and prevent complications.